倒装结构

1. 完全倒装

谓语的全部部分置于主语之前，常见于表示位置或方向的句子。

• 结构：谓语动词 + 主语 + 其他部分
• 例句：
  • Here comes the bus.
    （公交车来了。）
  • Under the tree sat an old man.
    （树下坐着一个老人。）

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2. 部分倒装

仅将助动词或情态动词置于主语之前，常见于强调、否定、条件等句型中。

• 结构：助动词/情态动词 + 主语 + 谓语动词
• 例句：
  • Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.
    （我从未见过如此美丽的日落。）
  • Only then did he realize his mistake.
    （直到那时他才意识到他的错误。）

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3. 常用句型

1. 否定副词倒装

否定副词：never, seldom, hardly, rarely, little, no sooner…than
结构：否定副词 + 助动词/情态动词 + 主语 + 动词

例句：

• Never have I felt so happy.
• Hardly had she arrived when it started to rain.

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2. 条件倒装

用于省略“if”的虚拟语气。
结构：Had/Should/Were + 主语 + 动词

例句：

• Had I known, I would have helped you.
• Should you need help, let me know.

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3. 强调状语倒装

状语以only开头，用于强调时间、地点、条件等。
结构：only + 状语 + 助动词 + 主语 + 动词

例句：

• Only after he apologized did she forgive him.
• Only in this way can we succeed.

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4. 地点/方向倒装

用于描写场景或动作。
结构：地点/方向状语 + 动词 + 主语

例句：

• On the hill stands an ancient temple.
• Out of the house rushed the children.

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5. 强调副词/比较倒装

结构：So + 形容词 + 助动词 + 主语 + 动词
结构：Such + 助动词 + 主语 + 动词

例句：

• So beautiful was the view that we couldn’t stop admiring it.
• Such was his anger that he couldn’t speak.

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6. 特殊句型倒装

Not only + 助动词 + 主语 + 动词
Neither/Nor + 助动词 + 主语 + 动词

例句：

• Not only did he study hard, but he also helped others.
• Nor do I think this plan will succeed.

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